RESEARCH / BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bao P, Shen Y, Lin J, Haapasalo M. In Vitro Efficacy of XP-3D Finisher with Two Different Protocols on Biofilm Removal from Apical Root Canals. JOE. 2016; Dec 7. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.09.021.
Subject: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the XP-3D Finisher in biofilm removal in comparison with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using an infected tooth model with an artificial apical groove.
Results/Conclusions: XP-3D Finisher showed the best biofilm removal efficacy inside and outside the groove followed by PUI and CNI (P < .05).
Significance: Biofilm removal is one of the most challenging phases in endodontic instrumentation. In this study the XP-3D was most effective compared to the most popular methods used to this point.
Keskin C, Sariyilmaz E, Sariyilmaz O. Efficacy of XP-3D Finisher File in Removing Calcium Hydroxide from Simulated Internal Resorption Cavity. JOE. 2017; Jan. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.09.009.
Subject: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementary use of XP-3D Finisher file, passive ultrasonic activation (PUI), EndoActivator (EA), and CanalBrush (CB) on the removal of calcium hydroxide (CH) paste from simulated internal resorption cavities.
Results/Conclusions: XP-3D Finisher and PUI removed significantly more CH than SI, EA, and CB (P < .05), showing no significant difference between them (P > .05). Differences among SI, EA, and CB were also non-significant (P > .05).
Significance: Removal of calcium hydroxide is an indirect indicator of cleaning effectiveness against microbes. XP-3D Finisher was equal to PUI and superior to other traditional methods.
There was no indication in this study that the teeth or irrigating solution were heated above body temperature, which is required for optimal effectiveness of the XP-3D Finisher.
Alves FR, Andrade-Junior CV, Marceliano-Alves MF, Perez AR, Racas IN, Versiani MA, Sousa–Neto MD, Provenzano JC, Siquera JF JR. Adjunctive Steps for Disinfection of the Mandibular Molar Root Canal System: A Correlative Bacteriologic, Micro-Computed Tomography, and Cryopulverization Approach. JOE. 2016; Nov. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.08.003.
Subject: This study evaluated the disinfecting ability of chemomechanical preparation with rotary nickel-titanium instruments, followed by 2 distinct adjunctive procedures in the root canals of extracted mandibular molars by means of a correlative analytical approach.
Results/Conclusions: Both XP-3D Finisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation exhibited antibacterial effectiveness, but only the former caused a significant reduction in the bacterial counts after chemomechanical preparation.
Significance: Showed superior antibacterial effectiveness compared to PUI which has been considered “state of the art”.
Wigler R, Dvir R, Weisman A, Malalon S, Kfir A. Efficacy of XP-3D Finisher files in the removal of calcium hydroxide paste from artificial standardized grooves in the apical third of oval root canals. International Endodontic Journal. 2016, Jun. DOI: 10.1111/iej.12668.
Subject: To compare the efficacy of the XP-3D Finisher file (XP) (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux de Fonds, Switzerland) to that of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional syringe and needle irrigation (SNI) in the removal of calcium hydroxide paste from an artificial standardized groove in the apical third of root canals.
Results/Conclusions: XP-3D and PUI were more effective in removing Ca(OH)2 from artificial standardized grooves in the apical third of root canals than SNI.
Significance: Removal of calcium hydroxide is an indirect indicator of cleaning effectiveness against microbes. XP-3D Finisher was equal to PUI and superior to other traditional methods.
There was no indication in this study that the teeth or irrigating solution were heated above body temperature, which is required for optimal effectiveness of the XP-3D Finisher.
Alves F, Marcelano-Alves M, Sousa JC, Silveira S, Prvenzano J, Siqueira J. Removal of Root Canal Filling in Curved Canals Using Either Reciprocation Single- or Rotary Mult-Instrument System and a Supplementary Step with the XP-3D Finisher. JOE. 2016; 42(7). DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.04.007.
Subject: This study compared the efficacy of a reciprocating single-instrument system and a rotary multi-instrument system followed by a supplementary approach with a finishing instrument in removing the filling material from curved canals during retreatment.
Results/Conclusions: The rotary multiple-instrument system was more effective and faster than the reciprocating single-instrument approach in removing previous root canal fillings. The adjunctive finishing instrument XP-3D Finisher significantly improved filling material removal.
Significance: The XP-3D Finisher resulted in additional cleaning after the use of round files for retreatment purposes.
Elnaghy AM1, Mandorah A2, Elsaka SE. Effectiveness of XP-3D Finisher, EndoActivator, and File agitation on debris and smear layer removal in curved root canals: a comparative study. Odontology. 2016, May. DOI: 10.1007/s10266-016-0251-8.
Subject: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the XP-3D Finisher (FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) file on debris and smear layer removal in curved root canals in comparison to different irrigation regimens.
Results/Conclusions: Irrigation of curved root canals using XP-3D Finisher and EndoActivator methods appears to be more effective on debris and smear layer removal than the other tested groups.
Significance: XP-3D Finisher shows value in removal of debris and smear layer, which should contribute to improved success.
There was no indication in this study that the teeth or irrigating solution were heated above body temperature, which is required for optimal effectiveness of the XP-3D Finisher.
Azim A, Aksel H, Zhuang T, Mashtare T, Babu J, Huang G. Efficacy of Four Irrigation Protocols in Killing Bacteria Colonized in Dentinal Tubules Examined by a Novel Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope Analysis. JOE. 2016; 42(6). DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.03.009.
Subject: The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of 4 irrigation systems in eliminating bacteria in root canals, particularly in dentinal tubules.
Results/Conclusions: XP-3D appears to be more efficient than other 3 techniques in disinfecting the main canal space and up to 50 μm deep into the dentinal tubules.
Significance: Microbial reduction is the key to endodontic success. Therefore this result shows the XP-3D superiority in that regard.
Leoni GB, Versiani MA, Silva-Sousa YT, Brniera JFB, Pecora JD, Sousa-Neto MD. Ex vivo evaluation of four final irrigation protocols on the removal of hard tissue debris from the mesial root canal system of mandibular first molars. International Endodontic Journal. 2016, Apr. DOI:10.1111/iej.12630.
Subject: To evaluate the efficacy of four final irrigation protocols on the reduction of hard-tissue debris accumulated within the mesial root canal system of mandibular first molars using micro-CT analysis.
Results/Conclusions: The PUI technique and XP-3D Finisher instruments were associated with significantly lower levels of AHTD compared with conventional irrigation and modified SAF system protocol in the mesial root canals of mandibular molars. The PUI method was most effective in the coronal half of the canal while the XP-3D Finisher was most effective in the apical half of the canal.
Significance: Less debris particularly in the apical half of the canal is associated with higher success.
Sanabria-Liviac D, Moldauer BI, Garcia-Godoy F, Antonio-Campos A, Casaretto M, Torres-Navarro J, Scalercio JM. Comparison of the XP-3D Finisher File System and Passive Ultraonic Irrigation (PUI) on Smear Layer Removal after Root Canal Instrumentation Effectiveness of Two Irrigation Methods on Smear Layer Removal. Journal of Dental and Oral Health. 2017; 4: 1-7.
Subject: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different final irrigant activation methods in removing the smear layer at 3 and 7 mm from the apex.
Results/Conclusions: The XP-3D Finisher NaOCl/EDTA group was more effective than PUI with and without EDTA for smear layer removal at both middle and apical canal thirds.
Significance: Smear layer removal is thought to be critical for optimal success in endodontics.